Cutter-head



(No Model.)

B. HARRIS.

4 i Sheet" 1.

CUTTER HEAD.

Patented Oct. 5,1897

R. HARRIS."

CUTTER HEAD.

4 Sheebs-$heet 2.

(No Model.)

No. 591.039. Patented 001;. 5,1897.

4 Sheets sheet 3.

(NO Model.) 7

R. HARRIS.

CUTTER HEAD.

No. 591,039. Patented Oct. 5,1897.

(No Model.) 4' Sheets-Sheet 4,

- R. HARRIS.

CUTTER HEAD. No. 591,039. Patented Oct. 5,1897.

Nirnn RUTLEDGE HARRIS, OF CEDARFALLS, IOWVA.

CUTTER-HEAD.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 591,039, dated October5, 1897. Application filed M rc 15, 1897. Serial No. 627,726- (Nomodel.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that LRUTLEDGE HARRIS, a citizen of the United States,residing at Cedar Falls, in the county of Black Hawk and State of Iowa,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cutter-Heads forWoodworking-Machines; and I do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame.

This invention relates to machines for producin g ornamental designs inwood by means of cutter-heads revolving in planes perpendicular to thegrain of the wood; and the ob ject of the invention is to improve theconstruction of cutter-heads for this purpose in a manner that willhereinafter fully appear, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, forming a part of this specification, in which Figure l is aplan view of a machine for the designated purpose as in use. Fig.2,Sheet 2, is a View in perspective of my improved cutter-head an dcutters, the head in this case being made solid. Fig. 3 is a profile ofthe cut made by the same. Fig. at, Sheet 3, is a side elevation of aseparable head embodying my invention. Fig. 5, Sheet 4, is a similarview of the same as in position on the mandrel. Fig. 6 is a view of thetwo halves of the head as seen from the inner sides.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

The machine to which this cutter-head is.

applied is of the same general nature as that illustratedand describedin my application for Letters Patentserially numbered 627,728, of evendate herewith, and the parts therein claimed as new are hereinspecifically disclaimed.

Briefly described, the machine consists, essentially, of a frame A, onwhich ismounted a revoluble mandrel B, driven by a belt 0 on a pulley Dnear one end of the mandrel. Running across the frame are two tracks EE, and on these slides a carriage F, adapted to hold the piece of woodto be operated upon. The manner of holding the stick constitutes no partof this. invention and need not be described. In a machine of this kindthe construction of the cutter head and knives is of the greatestimportance, since on the proper formation and adjustment of the knivesdepends in the greatest degree the efficiency of the machine. Hithertoit has been customary to attach the knives to inclined lugs forming theterminals of spokes radiating from the hub in a manner similar to theattachment of the knives of an ordinary planer or sticker. Thisconstruction is very satisfactory in the case of wide knives, though notso secure and safe as in the case of my improved head.

There, however, it becomes necessary to use a comparatively narrow headand knife, the common mode of attachment is not well suited to the case,and in practically all cases the head and cutters hereinafter describedare better adapted to the duty required of them.

In Fig. 2 the cutter-head is shown complete with a full complement ofknives or cutters. In practice any equal number of knives, from two toeight, may be used, and the pattern cut will vary accordingly. An oddnumber might of course be used, provided the head be properly balanced.The head G is in the nature of a disk, with a suitable hub G andset-screw G for attachmentto the mandrel. In practice it is made withfourrecesses G3 on each side to take the shanks of the cutters, whichextend in radial lines, as shown. A hole G in each recess is tapped fora capscrew H, by which each cutter is attached to the head.

The cutters J J each have a shank J, fitting snugly in the recess in theside of the head, and are each provided with a slot J through which thecap -screw passes, and which allows for any desired adjustment of thecutters in or out. The cutting portions J of the cutters are formedintegral with the shank, bending out therefrom in either direction toform the desired shape of blade. A characteristic and valuable featurein the formation of the blades is the projecting forward of theoutermost portion of the bladethat is to say, making the outermostcutting part of the blade (the part making the deepest cnt) to standaway from the shank, so that as this part, which has the hardest serviceand requires the most grinding, wears away the shank itself is notweakened thereby. Thus by reference to Fig. 2 it will be seen that thepart of the knife marked J is the part that cuts deepest, instead offorming the knife so that the deepest cut would come at J The cuttersare all made to have a drawing out, their edges being diagonal to theaxis of the head, so that the cut is made cleanly and with a paringinstead of scraping action.

A further improvement in the head is shown in the figures of the twolast sheets of drawings. The object is to facilitate the putting on andtaking off of the head, and the construction is such that any head maybe attached. to the mandrel or removed therefrom without disturbing anyother and Without taking the mandrel out of the machine and the beadingor molding be thus easily and quickly changed at any part of theturning.

In Fig. 4 is shown the two parts of a separable head, but so interlockedwhen in position on the mandrel that it may be held in place by aset-screw in the same manner as a solid head. The hub G is split on aline diagonal to the cutter-shank seat G and in one of the halves of thehub is a set-screw coinciding with a gib-seat G In one half of the headthere is a projecting portion G which has an offset G9 formed therein tofit the overlapping part G of the other half. Opposite thereto an offsetG is formed to take the projecting and overlapping part G The lips G andG fit into corresponding recesses G and G? and lock the two halves ofthe head together when placed in their proper position on the mandrel,as shown in Fig. 5. The cap-screw holes are in the same relativeposition as in the solid head and are tapped in the parts G and G. Theconstruction of this head is such as to make its attachment anddetachment very convenient, it being only necessary to loosen theset-screw and take out two cap-screws in order to remove any head. Theinterlocking of the parts of the head prevents the strain of theset-screw being brought to bear wholly on the capscrews and insures afirm and true attachment of the head to the mandrel.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination in a machine of the class specified, of a dividedcutter-head having overlapping and interlocking portions coincident withsome of the cutter-seats, radial seats for the cutters, cutters withshanks fitting said seats, and with cutting-blades adapted to cut mostdeeply at some distance from the shanks, slots in the shanks of saidcutters, and retaining bolts or screws adapted to connect the separateparts of the head and the cutters fitted to said interlocking parts, asdescribed.

2. The herein-described cutter-head, consisting essentially of a dividedhub, a disk portion attached to each, and having radial cutter-shankseats formed therein, projecting, overlapping and interlocking portionof said disk, forming portions of some of said seats, andconnecting-bolts adapted also to retain cutters, as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

- RUTLED GE HARRIS. Witnesses:

HUGH M. CARTNEY,

H. H. HARRIS.

